In this letter, a practical mean reflectivity model of radar land clutter lc for the complex system design of groundbased radars involved in low angle targets on some typical terrains is. The technique of radar clutter map elaboration for land backscattering at the frequency band of 3 100 ghz for small grazing angles is proposed taken into consideration the terrain relief and vegetation. Billingsley, lowangle radar land clutter measurements and empirical. They are the grazing angle, surface roughness, and the radar wavelength. Shadowing due to terrain height variations and cultural featuresbecome very marked. In principle, all that is required to estimate the radar return backscatter from a region of clutter is a knowledge of the volume or surface illuminated and the echo per unit volume. Finally, a radar network has been developed to demonstrate that the use of lowcost olfmcw radar transceivers in a collision warning application is a feasible alternative. Detecting low observable targets within sea clutter at low grazing angle is one of the research hotspots in radar signal processing community. The polar characteristics of sea clutter has been analyzed, with the parameters after the decomposition of target scattering matrix. Pdf this paper presents a highfidelity inhomogeneous ground clutter. This soft file digsilent powerfactory user manual pdf epub is ready to read anytime you want. The clutter may fill a volume such as rain or be confined to a surface like land. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. A novel method of small target detection in sea clutter.
This paper describes the noncoherent target detection performance of an airborne surface surveillance radar in the presence of medium grazing angle seaclutter. Clutter model for vhf sar imagery julie ann jackson and randolph l. In the past four decades modelling techniques able to capture the salient features of low grazing angle, high. Below is an example radar images using the lowest tilt angle 0. Modeling the amplitude distribution of radar sea clutter mdpi. Pdf modeling the amplitude distribution of radar sea clutter. The billingsley icm model the billingsley model for the power spectrum due to internal clutter motion icm, also called intrinsic clutter motion of windblown radar clutter, which.
Shengchou lin radar system design radar equation for pulsed radar until now, we have not said a great deal about filtering of the return signal except to say that. Low angle radar land clutter low angle radar land clutter pdf online free. Icm arises when wind blows on vegetation or other clutter sources. P billingsleyicmfd,fc,wspeed calculates the clutter doppler spectrum shape, p, due to intrinsic clutter motion icm at doppler frequencies specified in fd. Simultaneously reject clutter that is in their low sidelobes. Billingsley solves the problem of radar land clutter, where echoes from the earths surface interfere with radar target echoes. Physical scale modeling the millimeterwave backscattering behavior of ground clutter a. The results show radar clutter can be mitigated either by reducing the ground area illuminated by the antenna, in the case of surface clutter, or by reducing. Lusty lawyers and their innocent interns vol 1 pdf online free. Real aperture array radar, imaging radar, and passive and multistatic radar. Nixonb asubmillimeterwave technology laboratory, university of massachusetts lowell lowell, ma 01854 bu. Radar land clutter constitutes the unwanted radar echoes returned from the earths surface that compete against and interfere with the desired echoes. Lowangle radar land clutter pdf free download epdf. The sources and methods for receiving of the initial data for.
You can read online low angle radar land clutter here in pdf, epub, mobi or docx formats. So, several works have developed models of clutter radar. Radar, radar simulation, clutter generation, coherent weibull, weibull pdf, weibull statistics. The complex gaussian process is a reasonable model for sea clutter in a low resolution maritime radar system. Optimised scantoscan integration techniques for low. Lowgrazing angle detection in compoundgaussian clutter.
Low angle land clutter mitigation a soft computing. Introduction to radar systems 2004 university of new. Introduction small surface targets like the small boats, buoys, lowflying aircraft etc are not detected optimally by current marine navigation and other radar systems because the detection process has. The simulation of ground clutter is the key and knot problem in radar simulation system.
Wait for some minutes until the download digsilent powerfactory user manual pdf epub is finish. Barrie billingsley lincoln laboratory massachusetts i. Keywordssea clutter, scantoscan integration, small targets i. It actually solves the problem of low angle radar land clutter by showing the reader how. Noncoherent radar detection performance in medium grazing. U11ic file copy defense technical information center. Moses the ohio state university, department of electrical and computer engineering 2015 neil avenue, columbus, oh 43210, usa abstract we present a physicallybased clutter model for. Polarimetric backscattering behavior of ground clutter at x, ka, and wband. Simulation of the radar ground clutter based on dem.
The hardware and equations used in modelling are described, and the report presents envelope detected. Army national ground intelligence center, 220 seventh street. Radar is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. Abstractin this paper, a practical mean reflectivity model of radar land clutter lc for the complex system design of groundbased radars involved in against low. On the use of lowcost radar networks for collision. Lowangle radar land clutter measurements and empirical models j. The technique of radar clutter map elaboration for land backscattering at the frequency band of 3100 ghz for small grazing angles is proposed taken into. First, the reflection coefficient considering the curved earth effect is derived. Radar systems course 44 clutter 1112009 ieee new hampshire section ieee aes society references 1.
It unifies and integrates results which should enable prediction of land clutter effects in surface radar, needed for lowflying aircraft. The result of 20 years of research at mit lincoln lab, this book is of the most significant tehcnological consequence for the industry. Properties of the ingara radar sea clutter acquisitions investigated in this study. At some instance during the propagation of the pulse, a pulsed radar will illuminate a patch on the surface, defined for low grazing angles to a first order by the pulse length, the antenna azimuth beamwidth and the local grazing angle. You can be the book low angle radar land clutter measurements and empirical models system to do them send you was based. F db frequency band terrain type vhf uhf lband sband xband. This clutter sending back signals makes it difficult. A2 location and description of 42 phase one radar ground clutter measurement sites a 12 a3 parameters in ground truth file a a4 ground truth file for a clutter experiment at wachusett mountain a14 a5 phase one antenna heights a17 a6 phase one antenna pattern parameters at selected frequencies a23. There has been a long development of pdf models used to fit both real. The performance of detection can be improved via utilizing the multipath echoes. U11ic file copy m national deense defence nationale q 00.
Clutter can be anything from trees, ground, ocean waves, anything that can produce an unwanted echo return to the radar. Low angle radar land clutter measurements and empirical. Land clutter signals with lognormal, weibull and exponential spatial amplitude. Such echoes are typically returned from ground, sea, rain, animalsinsects. Page 1 of 10 notes on the billingsley icm model mark a. The grazing angle is the angle from the surface of the earth to the main axis of the illuminating beam, as illustrated in fig. These models can be applied quite effectively to the analysis of sea clutter in low resolution radar systems, deployed well away from grazing incidence. Urban mountains foresthigh relief terrain slopes 2. The ability to accurately predict the effects of land clutter in surface radar has been an unsolved problem for many years. In this letter, a practical mean reflectivity model of radar land clutter lc for the complex system design of groundbased radars involved in lowangle targets on some typical terrains is.
This paper focuses on the target detection in lowgrazing angle using a hybrid multipleinput multipleoutput mimo radar systems in compoundgaussian clutter, where the multipath effects are very abundant. Here, collision geometry is assumed in which the radar and target aircraft fly straightline paths toward an intercept point. Introduction radar detection of moving targets in presence of clutter echoes ground, maritime, or atmospheric is classically. Modeling of radar land clutter map for small grazing angles. Clutter can also be weatherrain, animals, chaff and atmospheric turbulences.
Library of congress cataloginginpublication data billingsley, j. Clutter is a term used for unwanted echoes in electronic systems, particularly in reference to radars. Scitech is a partner with william andrew for highquality radar and aerospace books. For smooth terrain and sea surface and low grazing. Polarimetric backscattering behavior of ground clutter at. Physical scale modeling the millimeterwave backscattering. This solution avoids selfinterferences while maintaining the hardware simplicity and performance of an isolated lfmcw sensor.
This function uses billingsleys model in the calculation. Billingsley gives nominal empirical expressions for. In this paper, we have proposed a novel method based on polarimetric decomposition theorem. Three factors affect the amount of clutter in the radar beam.
Radar clutter modeling and analysis pdf free download. Pdf highfidelity inhomogeneous ground clutter simulation of. Radar land clutter constitutes the unwanted radar echoes returned from the earths surface that compete against and interfere with the desired echoes returned by targets such as aircraft and other moving and stationary targets. Li shasha automation institute, harbin engineering university, harbin, heilongjiang province, china. Thus, the combination of a low tilt angle and an inversion at and near the earths surface promotes an abundance of ground clutter. It actually solves the problem of low angle radar land clutter by showing the reader how to design and predict the performance of radars that operate in situations where land clutter prevalent.
17 1108 750 1480 850 46 53 989 82 945 903 1331 18 956 61 924 118 128 1145 1453 508 1405 21 1386 1115 317 874 1345 782 918 1340 204 1447 178 748 754 1062 885 862 1299 1039 1030